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Reading time: 15 min readWord count: 2,500+ wordsUpdated April 2026

Building Safety Act 2022: The Complete Guide for Principal Designers

Everything you need to know about the Building Safety Act 2022, from gateway submissions to golden thread requirements. A comprehensive resource for construction professionals navigating the new regulatory landscape.

Threadsovereign Compliance Team

Building Safety Experts

What is the Building Safety Act 2022?

The Building Safety Act 2022 represents the most significant reform to building safety regulation in England in nearly 40 years. Enacted in response to the tragic Grenfell Tower fire of 2017, the Act fundamentally changes how buildings are designed, constructed, and managed throughout their entire lifecycle.

At its core, the Act creates a new regulatory framework overseen by the Building Safety Regulator (BSR), which sits within the Health and Safety Executive. The BSR has extensive powers to regulate higher-risk buildings and enforce compliance with building regulations.

Key Objectives of the Act:

  • Establish a clearer framework of accountability for building safety
  • Create a rigorous new regime for managing higher-risk buildings
  • Give residents a stronger voice in building safety decisions
  • Ensure accurate building information is maintained throughout the building's life

Who is Affected by the Building Safety Act?

The Building Safety Act affects anyone involved in the design, construction, ownership, or management of higher-risk buildings. While the most stringent requirements apply to buildings at least 18 metres tall or with 7+ storeys containing residential units, the Act's wider reforms impact the entire construction industry.

Principal Designers

Responsible for planning and managing design compliance

Principal Contractors

Oversee construction phase compliance and coordination

Clients

Must appoint duty holders and ensure adequate arrangements

Accountable Persons

Responsible for occupied building safety management

Building Owners

Must register HRBs and maintain safety information

Designers & Contractors

Must cooperate with duty holders and maintain competence

The Three Gateways Explained

The gateway regime is central to the new building control process for higher-risk buildings. Each gateway represents a hard stop where the Building Safety Regulator must grant approval before the project can proceed. This ensures safety is considered at every critical stage.

1

Gateway 1: Planning Application

Before planning permission is granted

Gateway 1 requires applicants to submit a fire statement to the HSE as part of the planning application. The statement must demonstrate that fire safety has been considered in the design from the outset.

Key Requirements:

  • Fire statement demonstrating consideration of fire safety
  • Information about proposed fire safety features
  • Details of consultation with the fire and rescue service
2

Gateway 2: Before Construction

Before building work begins

Gateway 2 replaces the traditional building control approval process. The Client must submit a full building control application to the BSR, demonstrating that the proposed design complies with all building regulations.

Key Requirements:

  • Complete design documentation and compliance strategy
  • Fire and emergency file with detailed safety information
  • Construction control plan demonstrating quality assurance
  • Change control procedures for managing variations
3

Gateway 3: Before Occupation

Before building can be occupied

Gateway 3 must be passed before any residents can occupy the building. It requires evidence that the building has been constructed in accordance with approved plans and that all safety information has been properly compiled and handed over.

Key Requirements:

  • As-built documentation reflecting actual construction
  • Complete Golden Thread information package
  • Verification that all building regulations are met
  • Handover to Accountable Person with all required records

Golden Thread Requirements

The Golden Thread is one of the most important concepts introduced by the Building Safety Act. It refers to the complete digital record of building safety information that must be created, maintained, and passed on throughout a building's entire lifecycle.

The Golden Thread must be accessible, accurate, and up-to-date at all times. It ensures that anyone responsible for the building has access to the information they need to manage building safety effectively.

Critical Requirement

The Golden Thread must be stored digitally. Paper records alone are not compliant with the Act. Information must be structured, searchable, and capable of being shared securely with those who need access.

What Must the Golden Thread Contain?

Building design and construction drawings
Fire safety strategy and evacuation plans
Structural calculations and assessments
Product information and certifications
Inspection and testing records
Maintenance schedules and records
Risk assessments and safety case
Resident engagement strategy
As-built records and variations
Competency records for duty holders

Duty Holder Roles Under the BSA 2022

The Building Safety Act creates clear lines of accountability through defined duty holder roles. Each duty holder has specific responsibilities and can face personal liability for failures to comply with their obligations.

Client

The person or organisation commissioning the building work. Must ensure adequate time, resources, and competent appointments.

Key Duties:

  • Appoint Principal Designer and Principal Contractor in writing
  • Ensure adequate time and resources for compliance
  • Provide relevant information to duty holders
  • Ensure building safety throughout the project

Principal Designer

Plans, manages, monitors, and coordinates the design work during the design phase.

Key Duties:

  • Coordinate design work to ensure compliance
  • Facilitate cooperation between designers
  • Identify and manage design risks
  • Prepare and maintain design information for the Golden Thread

Principal Contractor

Plans, manages, monitors, and coordinates the building work during the construction phase.

Key Duties:

  • Draw up and maintain the construction phase plan
  • Organise cooperation between contractors
  • Ensure compliance during construction
  • Maintain and update Golden Thread information

Accountable Person

Responsible for the safety of an occupied higher-risk building. Usually the building owner or managing agent.

Key Duties:

  • Register the building with the BSR
  • Apply for and maintain building assessment certificate
  • Maintain the Golden Thread and safety case
  • Implement resident engagement strategy

Consequences of Non-Compliance

The Building Safety Act introduces serious consequences for those who fail to meet their obligations. The Building Safety Regulator has extensive enforcement powers and will not hesitate to use them.

Potential Penalties

Unlimited Fines

For corporate bodies and individuals

Imprisonment

Up to 2 years for certain offences

Stop Notices

Halt construction immediately

Prohibition Orders

Prevent building occupation

Compliance Notices

Mandated remedial work

Prosecution

Criminal charges for serious breaches

Beyond regulatory penalties, non-compliance can result in reputational damage, loss of professional accreditation, and civil liability. Insurance may also be affected, and professional indemnity policies may not cover deliberate or reckless non-compliance.

How Threadsovereign Addresses Each Obligation

Threadsovereign is purpose-built for Building Safety Act compliance. Our platform addresses every major obligation under the Act, giving Principal Designers, Accountable Persons, and their teams the tools they need to stay compliant.

Golden Thread Management

Centralised digital repository with full version control, structured data, and secure sharing capabilities. Meets all BSR requirements for digital record-keeping.

Gateway Submissions

Pre-built checklists and templates for Gateway 1, 2, and 3 submissions. Automated compliance checking ensures nothing is missed.

Duty Holder Coordination

Multi-party collaboration tools with clear role assignments, task tracking, and audit trails for all actions.

Change Control

Robust change management system that tracks all variations, requires approvals, and maintains complete history.

Resident Engagement

Dedicated resident portal for two-way communication, document sharing, and complaint management.

Audit Readiness

Comprehensive audit logs and reporting. Generate compliance reports instantly for BSR inspections.

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about the Building Safety Act 2022 and compliance requirements.

Related Resources

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